Hi everyone,

My new book, Free Speech Generation: The Civil Libertarians Who Saved the First Amendment and Transformed America, comes out January 19, and it’s now available for preorder!

To celebrate, we’re giving away a free, limited-edition T-shirt to everyone in the United States who preorders a copy.

The shirt features an iconic photo from the 1964 Berkeley Free Speech Movement, showing students carrying a banner reading “free speech” through Sather Gate. On the back is FIRE’s logo and our unofficial motto: “If it’s protected, we’ll defend it.”

Free Speech Generation tells the story of the civil libertarians who fought to make good on the First Amendment’s promise, transforming it into the powerful protection for free expression we know today. It’s a history of the people and battles that helped shape our understanding of free speech, and I’m excited to finally share it with you.

Here’s how to get your shirt:

1. Preorder the book in any format (audiobook preorders to come!).

2. Visit fire.org/FreeSpeechGeneration and fill out the short form with your proof of purchase.

Preorders are a huge part of a book’s success, so if you’ve been thinking about picking up a copy, I’d really appreciate your preorder. Plus, royalties from the book go directly to FIRE, so you’ll be supporting free speech in more ways than one.

The offer runs through January 19, and shirts will ship by early February.

Thanks for your support!

Nico Perrino

P.S. If you already preordered a book — thank you! You still qualify for the free shirt. Just fill out the form with your proof of purchase.

Book cover photo credit: Used with permission of The Oakland Tribune 2026. All rights reserved.

Shirt photo credit: March from Sproul Plaza to Regent's meeting in University Hall on Oxford St., Steven Marcus Free Speech Movement Photographs, circa 1964, BANC PIC 2000.002--NEG Strip 44:33 © The Regents of the University of California, The Bancroft Library, University of California, Berkeley. https://digicoll.lib.berkeley.edu/record/54188

Timestamps:

00:00 Intro

02:07 Learn about our inaugural Soapbox conference

03:04 Preorder Nico’s book Free Speech Generation

04:28 What are the Title IX concerns surrounding the “Cornell 7” sexual assault controversy?

12:…

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But American Dialogues is betting on the opposite.

In New York City parks, the group’s organizers set out folding chairs and invite anybody passing by to sit down and talk about politics, culture, and everyday life. The goal is to get strangers to speak honestly and keep listening when the conversation becomes difficult.

Joining us to discuss how American Dialogues began, what happens when strangers disagree, and whether these conversations can help bridge America’s divides are:

• Fin Colleton, student fellow at Columbia University’s Trust Collaboratory and the creator of the public conversation tables that grew into American Dialogues

• Kratima Divakar, graduate student at Columbia’s School of International and Public Affairs and a Trust Collaboratory student fellow who leads American Dialogues’ outreach

Check out more about American Dialogues’ work at americandialogues.org or @americandialogues on Instagram.

Preorder Nico’s book and fill out the form for a free tshirt here.

Timestamps:

00:00 Preorder Nico’s book and get a free tshirt!

01:55 Intro

03:36 Fin’s first experiment with talking to strangers

05:54 Kratima’s introduction to Listening Tables

07:32 Bringing American Dialogues to New York City

10:43 Conversations across political divides

14:32 How do they handle disruptive participants?

19:52 The purpose of American Dialogues

28:16 Why New York City is the perfect venue

32:07 Online versus face-to-face conversations

33:56 Expanding American Dialogues

37:34 Outro

Enjoy listening to the podcast? Donate to FIRE today and get exclusive content like member webinars, special episodes, and more.

If you became a FIRE Member through a donation to FIRE at fire.org and would like access to Substack’s paid subscriber podcast feed, please email sotospeak@fire.org.

Book cover photo credit: Used with permission of The Oakland Tribune 2026. All rights reserved.

Shirt photo credit: March from Sproul Plaza to Regent’s meeting in University Hall on Oxford St., Steven Marcus Free Speech Movement Photographs, circa 1964, BANC PIC 2000.002--NEG Strip 44:33 © The Regents of the University of California, The Bancroft Library, University of California, Berkeley. https://digicoll.lib.berkeley.edu/record/54188

When RCTV’s broadcast license expired, the government refused to renew it. Minutes later, a state-funded channel took its place.

RCTV was one target in a broader campaign to silence dissent. Under Hugo Chávez and Nicolás Maduro, the government gradually tightened its grip on the media, punished political dissent, and weakened institutions that had protected democratic freedoms.

A new documentary, Escaping Venezuela, traces the erosion of free speech and press freedom through the story of Carlos Mora, who was imprisoned and tortured after helping Venezuelan dissidents escape to Colombia.

Joining us are director Jim Epstein and narrator Germania Rodríguez Poleo to discuss the film and how Venezuela’s democratic institutions broke down.

Read more about Escaping Venezuela here.

Read Germania’s Reason article here.

Timestamps:

00:00 Intro

03:12 Fear and self-censorship under Chavez

07:39 Making Escaping Venezuela

12:53 Germania’s family and the crackdown on journalists

18:41 The destruction of Venezuela’s free press

22:43 How Venezuela silenced dissent

32:56 RCTV as a symbol for press freedom

39:31 Venezuela after Maduro’s capture

44:41 How Venezuela embraced socialism and Chavez came to power

50:13 Venezuelan immigrants and the end of TPS

52:44 Can Venezuela become a democracy again?

01:01:01 Where to watch Escaping Venezuela

01:04:05 Outro

Read the transcript here.

Enjoy listening to the podcast? Donate to FIRE today and get exclusive content like member webinars, special episodes, and more.

If you became a FIRE Member through a donation to FIRE at fire.org and would like access to Substack’s paid subscriber podcast feed, please email sotospeak@fire.org.

Timestamps

00:00 Intro

02:06 Why does the White House Correspondents Association decide who serves in the White House press pool?

05:32 Can the president ban anyone from the White House?

07:07 Obama and Biden-era restrictions on press access

10:38 Access to the press room vs. being called on to ask a question

11:55 Could TrumpTV have a chilling effect on the press?

13:39 Can the White House reject a reporter but not their news organization?

14:56 What is a temporary restraining order?

17:27 The government’s argument

22:03 National security and the First Amendment

23:57 What if a news organization publishes false information?

27:31 Does the White House have to justify press restrictions?

28:27 Is there something wrong with “a country that can allow people to write purposely negative stories”?

32:04 The scope of the White House restrictions

34:03 Public distrust of the press

36:48 Does restricting press access really address any national security concerns?

39:22 Can future administrations exclude partisan or influencer journalists?

41:05 Is barring journalists from the White House a prior restraint?

42:17 The impacts of a collective media boycott

45:04 Outro

Joining us:

Marie McMullan — SPFI program manager and counsel

Jacob Gaba — Staff attorney

Aaron Terr — Director of public advocacy

Become a paid subscriber today to receive invitations to future live webinars.

If you became a FIRE Member through a donation to FIRE at fire.org and would like access to Substack’s paid subscriber podcast feed, please email sotospeak@fire.org.

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Reason senior editor and Rising host Robby Soave joins us to discuss the White House’s restrictions on media access, Macklemore getting dropped from Ed Sheeran’s tour, and why efforts to suppress controversial speech so often backfire.

We also look back at how the free speech debate has changed since Robby and Nico began covering it — from campus censorship and cancel culture to social media moderation and the changing politics of free speech.

Timestamps:

00:00 Intro

01:44 How Robby prepares for Rising

03:35 How the media landscape has changed

10:44 Trump, the press, and censorship

20:26 Cancel culture

23:55 Macklemore, Ed Sheeran, and the Streisand Effect

30:31 Why should we defend the media?

36:58 Campus free speech

43:48 The changing politics of free speech

58:34 Outro

Enjoy listening to the podcast? Donate to FIRE today and get exclusive content like member webinars, special episodes, and more.

If you became a FIRE Member through a donation to FIRE at fire.org and would like access to Substack’s paid subscriber podcast feed, please email sotospeak@fire.org.

00:00 Intro

03:18 Learn about our inaugural Soapbox conference

04:02 Preorder Nico’s book Free Speech Generation

5:00 Check out FIRE’s 2027 College Free Speech rankings

06:05 What are the top- and bottom-ranked schools?

09:27 What’s new with the Harvard evaluation?

13:08 How does FIRE choose which schools to rank?

13:46 What can universities do to improve their ranking?

15:54 What is institutional neutrality?

18:05 What exactly are students being asked about campus speech?

21:25 How does FIRE make sure defending free speech doesn’t inadvertently protect censorship in the classroom?

25:19 Is campus censorship coming more from the “right” or the “left”?

26:53 Did the University of Washington settlement involving Professor Stuart Reges affect its ranking?

30:45 What does it mean to pre-register our methodology?

31:35 Why did Claremont McKenna drop in the rankings?

33:07 What advice does FIRE have for students at low-ranked schools facing censorship?

36:47 Do politically homogeneous campuses make students more comfortable speaking freely?

40:26 Do low-ranked colleges tell FIRE how they are improving?

42:56 What can administrators do now to improve next year’s ranking?

43:50 Does FIRE account for turnover in university leadership?

45:47 What do the rankings reveal about different student demographic groups?

49:41 Does FIRE account for differences between types of institutions?

52:00 What’s up with MIT?

56:02 Should attacks on tenured professors carry more weight than actions against other faculty?

57:02 Who does FIRE contact when evaluating a university?

58:09 Are there regional patterns in the rankings?

58:57 Were there bigger ranking swings than usual this year?

01:00:44 Outro

Joining us:

• Nico Perrino, executive vice president

• Angela Erickson, vice president of research

• Sean Stevens, chief researcher

• Ronnie London, general counsel and director of litigation

• Connor Murnane, campus advocacy chief of staff

Become a paid subscriber today to receive invitations to future live webinars.

If you became a FIRE Member through a donation to FIRE at fire.org and would like access to Substack’s paid subscriber podcast feed, please email sotospeak@fire.org.

If you already are a paid subscriber and would like to listen to this episode via Apple Podcasts, click on the “Apple Podcasts” icon at the top right of this page!

To look through history and debate what originalism can — and can’t — tell us about the First Amendment’s free speech clause, we are joined by:

• Jud Campbell, Stanford Law School professor and the author of Natural Rights and the First Amendment and Determining Rights

• Stephen Solomon, Marjorie Deane Professor of Journalism at New York University, the founding editor of First Amendment Watch, and the author of Revolutionary Dissent: How the Founding Generation Created the Freedom of Speech

Timestamps:

00:00 Intro

02:20 Original meaning and modern First Amendment doctrine

09:12 Would the founders recognize our today’s First Amendment?

16:00 The Alien and Sedition Acts

20:21 How the founding generation practiced free speech

24:35 Can we define “originalism”?

32:05 Representative government and the promise of liberty

45:00 The First Amendment’s absolute language

51:36 New York Times v. Sullivan

58:01 Amending the First Amendment

01:04:30 Outro

Read the transcript here.

Enjoy listening to the podcast? Donate to FIRE today and get exclusive content like member webinars, special episodes, and more.

If you became a FIRE Member through a donation to FIRE at fire.org and would like access to Substack’s paid subscriber podcast feed, please email sotospeak@fire.org.

Social media and artificial intelligence are increasingly powerful tools for sharing and accessing information. They’re also at the center of a push for the government to address their potential harms — particularly to kids.

So where’s the constitutional line between regulating technology and regulating speech? And could this latest wave of legislation and litigation change what we can see, say, and create online?

Joining us to break down the latest developments in social media and AI and what it all means for free speech are:

• Joel Thayer, senior fellow for AI and emerging technology policy at the America First Policy Institute and president of the Digital Progress Institute

• Kate Ruane, director of the Center for Democracy & Technology’s Free Expression Project

Timestamps:

00:00 Intro

02:02 The case for regulating social media

09:23 The case for social media as protected speech

18:12 Are social media design features protected speech?

23:46 Section 230 and platform liability

37:21 Privacy, COPPA, and online child safety

58:40 Are AI chatbots speech?

01:09:06 Will Congress regulate social media and AI?

01:12:27 Outro

Read the transcript here.

Enjoy listening to the podcast? Donate to FIRE today and get exclusive content like member webinars, special episodes, and more.

If you became a FIRE Member through a donation to FIRE at fire.org and would like access to Substack’s paid subscriber podcast feed, please email sotospeak@fire.org.

Timestamps:

00:00 Intro

02:30 Get your tickets to Soapbox now!

03:54 Preorder Nico’s book Free Speech Generation

05:07 Who is Brandi Kruse?

09:16 Why does FIRE support the Chiles v. Salazar decision?

19:35 What’s going on with Disney and the FCC?

28:07 What amicus briefs has FIRE filed recently?

30:…

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Few people are better suited to explain the case than Michael Tigar. Over a legendary legal career spanning more than six decades, Tigar has argued before the Supreme Court (multiple times), represented civil rights activists and other controversial clients, taught generations of lawyers, and written what has become the definitive stage play about the Zenger trial.

Michael joins us to revisit the Zenger trial and reflect on his own remarkable career from the Berkeley Free Speech Movement and the Chicago Eight trial to jury nullification and lawyers’ First Amendment rights.

To read more about Michael’s life, check out his memoir.

Timestamps:

00:00 Intro

03:11 The Berkeley Free Speech Movement

09:17 Michael’s path to becoming a lawyer

13:44 Defending the Chicago Eight

20:25 The trial of John Peter Zenger

27:03 Jury nullification and the Zenger verdict

37:26 The Zenger play and its legacy

39:52 NYT v. Sullivan and SLAPP lawsuits

44:30 Outro

Read the transcript here.

Enjoy listening to the podcast? Donate to FIRE today and get exclusive content like member webinars, special episodes, and more.

If you became a FIRE Member through a donation to FIRE at fire.org and would like access to Substack’s paid subscriber podcast feed, please email sotospeak@fire.org.

That funding fuels scientific discovery, medical breakthroughs, and technological innovation. The proposal was open for public comment for 45 days and drew more than half a million responses.

Supporters of the proposal argue that it will prevent waste, fraud, and abuse in federal spending. Critics contend that the proposal will politicize research funding by giving executive branch political appointees greater influence over which research projects receive federal support.

Joining us to break down the OMB proposal and what it could mean for the future of research are:

• Evan Morris, professor of radiology and biomedical imaging and of biomedical engineering at Yale

• Catharine Young, senior fellow at the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health

• Ryne Weiss, director of research here at FIRE

Timestamps:

00:00 Intro

02:57 What’s in the OMB proposal?

08:57 Research grant “kill switches” and their consequences

17:17 Limits on foreign research partnerships and professional activities

21:29 The importance of federal funding to medical research

23:23 Are pharmaceutical companies the “boogeymen”?

25:13 The gold standard of scientific research

26:22 The “replication crisis”

31:16 Open science and peer review

40:37 Bias in research funding decisions

44:06 Should science be shielded from politics?

49:04 Has research always been political?

53:14 How politicization could change scientific research

58:59 Outro

Read the transcript here.

Enjoy listening to the podcast? Donate to FIRE today and get exclusive content like member webinars, special episodes, and more.

If you became a FIRE Member through a donation to FIRE at fire.org and would like access to Substack’s paid subscriber podcast feed, please email sotospeak@fire.org.

00:00 Intro

02:50 What does FIRE think about the FCC bringing back obscenity prosecutions?

12:20 Is there a difference between “institutional neutrality” and “institutional pluralism”?

15:28 Can foreign governments enforce their speech laws against Americans?

19:37 Is any age verification technology compatible with the First Amendment?

24:35 Have…

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In this episode, Nico sits down with University of Chicago professor Ada Palmer to explore the history of censorship from the Renaissance to the present day. They discuss what motivates censorship, why it evolves alongside new communication technologies, how effective it has been throughout history, and what historical patterns can teach us about today’s free speech debates.

Ada Palmer is a professor of early modern European history at the University of Chicago and the author of Inventing the Renaissance: Myths of a Golden Age. She is also an acclaimed science fiction and fantasy author, composer, singer, and expert on anime and Japanese popular culture. Visit her website to read her blog and explore her other projects.

Timestamps:

00:00 Intro

01:29 Palmer’s interest in censorship

03:13 Renaissance censorship

13:15 The Inquisition and Jansenism

22:50 The blurry line between state and private censorship

31:35 Fear and self-censorship

35:12 Does America hide its censorship efforts?

38:45 The case of Giovanni Pico della Mirandola

43:50 Will AI change censorship?

53:36 Censorship will always be with us

01:06:47 Are you a free speech absolutist?

01:13:46 Outro

Read the transcript here.

Enjoy listening to the podcast? Donate to FIRE today and get exclusive content like member webinars, special episodes, and more.

If you became a FIRE Member through a donation to FIRE at fire.org and would like access to Substack’s paid subscriber podcast feed, please email sotospeak@fire.org.

School boards, parents, librarians, and lawmakers are fighting over what students should—and shouldn’t—have access to on library shelves. Supporters of library restrictions say they are protecting children. Opponents say they are censoring ideas.

But this debate isn’t new.

In the 1970s, America saw a similar surge in book challenges. One local dispute in Long Island, New York, made its way to the U.S. Supreme Court and became the only school-library book-removal case the Court has ever decided.

That case was Island Trees School District v. Pico, better known simply as Pico.

In this episode, we’re joined by Anthony Aycock, legislative library director at the North Carolina General Assembly and the author of Just Plain Filthy: The Story Behind Book Banning’s Trial of the Century.

His book tells the story behind Pico, including the school board that removed the books from its libraries, the students who fought back, and the Supreme Court justices who delivered a fractured ruling that left some of the case’s most important constitutional questions unresolved.

Don’t miss the free speech event of the year! Get your tickets and learn more about our Soapbox Conference at soapbox.fire.org. The early bird discount ends July 4.

Timestamps:

00:00 Intro

03:02 How Anthony became a librarian

05:08 What inspired Anthony’s book?

07:33 The origins of Island Trees School District v. Pico

13:25 The Miller test for obscenity

14:43 Steven Pico and the road to the Supreme Court

18:15 The local reaction to Pico

20:17 If libraries choose what comes in, why can’t they choose what goes out?

20:51 How librarians build a collection

26:05 When and why books leave library shelves

26:52 The Supreme Court’s plurality opinion

30:08 Why Pico still matters: the Llano County case

35:41 Libraries, viewpoint diversity, and public access

38:24 When is censorship justified?

39:55 Should parents decide what everyone can read?

51:01 Stress test: Should Hitler’s Mein Kampf be available in libraries?

54:05 How librarians feel about literary censorship today

57:57 Outro

Read the transcript here.

Enjoy listening to the podcast? Donate to FIRE today and get exclusive content like member webinars, special episodes, and more.

If you became a FIRE Member through a donation to FIRE at fire.org and would like access to Substack’s paid subscriber podcast feed, please email sotospeak@fire.org.

00:00 Intro

02:25 Get your tickets to FIRE’s Soapbox conference now!

04:38 Can public universities require faculty to embrace DEI ideology? (FIRE SURVEY: Law professors report widespread self-censorship and fear of speaking freely)

09:23 What is the State of Scholarship Report from Vanderbilt and Washington University ?

13:46 Why do universities …

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At the heart of these debates are a few difficult questions: Does the Constitution protect only popular beliefs, or all of them? If the government opens the door for one form of religious expression, does it have to allow every form? And if not, where does the Constitution draw the line?

Few people have tested those questions more directly than .

Stevens is the founder of the Church of Satanology and a longtime activist who uses satire, publicity stunts, and litigation to challenge what he sees as hypocrisy in how governments apply First Amendment protections.

In this episode, Chaz joins us to talk about those battles, the philosophy behind his activism, and what he’s learned from years of pushing the boundaries of the First Amendment.

Follow Chaz on Substack here.

Timestamps:

00:00 Intro

02:26 What is Satanology?

04:15 Using malicious compliance to defend viewpoint neutrality

07:14 Pushing the boundaries of religious freedom protections

10:12 The First Amendment right to petition the government

11:20 Fighting state-mandated religious displays

15:37 Why Chaz puts Festivus poles in state capitols

19:59 Ron DeSantis, school libraries, and book ban controversies

23:44 Suing the government without a lawyer (pro se litigation)

30:18 Chaz’s lawsuit against Rep. Chip LaMarca and Lindke v. Freed

34:48 How Chaz’s activism started

35:54 The Consentivus tour and the Epstein files

38:55 What is Chaz’s endgame?

41:27 Outro

Read the transcript here.

Enjoy listening to the podcast? Donate to FIRE today and get exclusive content like member webinars, special episodes, and more.

If you became a FIRE Member through a donation to FIRE at fire.org and would like access to Substack’s paid subscriber podcast feed, please email sotospeak@fire.org.

Rainey Reitman joins the show to discuss what happens when people are denied access to financial services because of their lawful speech and conduct.

Reitman is the author of Transaction Denied: Big Finance’s Power to Punish Speech, which examines the role financial companies like Visa, Chase, and PayPal play in policing speech and silencing speakers.

Timestamps:

00:00 Intro

02:29 Ben Reitman: Rainey’s great-grandfather and free speech activist

05:42 How Rainey joined the fight for internet freedom

08:19 Chelsea Manning, whistleblowers, and the WikiLeaks banking blockade

16:11 The National Committee for Religious Freedom’s fight with Chase Bank

19:10 NRA v. Vullo: The Supreme Court case on indirect government censorship

21:24 The Wolfsberg Group and global banking institutions

23:51 What is a “politically exposed person”?

25:52 Reputational risk management

27:40 Trump’s 2025 executive order on debanking

29:45 Sanctions, terrorism screening, and the impact on Muslim communities

33:04 Why banks are so afraid of sanctions violations

34:10 Can you fight back after being debanked?

35:32 Can the private sector censor?

37:50 Operation Choke Point, cannabis, and crypto

47:25 Why are banks policing porn and adult content?

54:11 Solutions to debanking: incentives, crypto, and cash

59:15 Outro

Read the transcript here.

Enjoy listening to the podcast? Donate to FIRE today and get exclusive content like member webinars, special episodes, and more.

If you became a FIRE Member through a donation to FIRE at fire.org and would like access to Substack’s paid subscriber podcast feed, please email sotospeak@fire.org.

Together, these cases cleared the way for corporations and so-called Super PACs to raise and spend unlimited sums of money in elections.

What followed was a new era in American politics where individuals, corporations, and industries increasingly spent more and more money to influence campaigns and public opinion.

To debate the constitutional, political, and historical questions surrounding money in politics, we are joined by Larry Lessig and Paul Sherman. Lessig is a Harvard Law professor and the founder of Equal Citizens, one of the country’s leading advocates for campaign finance reform. Sherman is a senior attorney at the Institute for Justice who served as co-counsel in SpeechNow.org.

Read Larry’s paper “If Roe, then Buckley” here.

Timestamps:

00:00 Intro

02:43 How Larry and Paul became interested in political speech and campaign finance

05:33 Citizens United, political speech, and quid pro quo corruption

18:34 What was the SpeechNow case?

32:31 Elon Musk and billionaire influence in the 2024 election

49:06 History of campaign finance regulation

51:26 First Amendment originalism, Federalist 52, and Federalist 57

01:07:07 Does money actually influence election outcomes?

01:14:20 Outro

Read the transcript here.

Enjoy listening to the podcast? Donate to FIRE today and get exclusive content like member webinars, special episodes, and more.

If you became a FIRE Member through a donation to FIRE at fire.org and would like access to Substack’s paid subscriber podcast feed, please email sotospeak@fire.org.

00:00 Intro

02:40 Get your tickets to Soapbox now!

06:30 Congratulations to Will on 20 years at FIRE

07:31 How is FIRE responding to shouting down speakers?

11:33 Will FIRE include viewpoint diversity in our College Free Speech Rankings?

13:48 What is FIRE’s response to UCLA Law students protesting a DHS speaker?

17:07 NYU’s commencement speaker Jonathan Haidt

21:20 Is walking out on a controversial speaker protected free speech?

23:28 Is FIRE involved in Texas State University professor Tom Alter’s case?

25:50 What is the scholar to attorney ratio at FIRE?

27:47 Has cancel culture on college campuses changed since Trump 2.0?

32:00 What is FIRE’s stance on doxxing?

37:02 FIRE volunteer opportunities

37:33 Can the government regulate AI?

42:01 Is talk therapy speech or medical treatment? (Chiles v. Salazar)

46:02 What are the most pressing threats to online expression?

51:30 Special thanks to the Middlebury College Democrats and Republicans

53:45 What are the most challenging aspects of FIRE’s work with technology and free speech?

57:10 Does accepting government money protect or restrict speech?

01:00:25 Is FIRE a reactive organization and what solutions do we offer?

01:01:41 Outro

Joining us:

• Nico Perrino, executive vice president

• Alisha Glennon, chief operating officer

• Greg Lukianoff, president & chief executive officer

• Will Creeley, legal director

Read the transcript here.

Become a paid subscriber today to receive invitations to future live webinars.

If you became a FIRE Member through a donation to FIRE at fire.org and would like access to Substack’s paid subscriber podcast feed, please email sotospeak@fire.org.

If you already are a paid subscriber and would like to listen to this episode via Apple Podcasts, click on the “Apple Podcasts” icon at the top right of this page!